Tulsi / Holy Basil
Ocimum Sanctum
Family: Lamiaceae (Mint) - Origin: Southeast Asia
Description
Tulsi, also known as holy basil, is a perennial herb most closely related to your average cooking basil. It has a long history of culinary and medicinal use, particularly in Ayurvedic tradition.
Origin & Etymology
Native to the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Malesia, Australia, and the western pacific, tulsi, (तुलसी), has its roots in the ancient Indo-Aryan language of Sanskrit. The name is derived from the word 'tulā', which means 'balance', or 'to weigh', as this herb is considered sacred and balancing in Hindu culture and Ayurveda.
Medicinal Uses
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Adaptogenic - Tulsi is considered an adaptogen, which lowers stress, boosts mental clarity and promotes overall balance. It helps the body cope with physical, chemical and biological stressors.
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Respiratory Health - Often used for lung and breathing issues, tulsi helps to remove phlegm, relieves symptoms of coughs and colds, and manages conditions like bronchitis and asthma.
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Immune Support - Alongside being able to regulate, support and enhance the body against infections and disease, it is also full of antimicrobial and antibacterial compounds which can combat infections caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi.
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Cardiovascular Health - Tulsi protects the heart by lowering cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and supporting overall heart function.
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Inflammation - Has anti-inflammatory properties and many antioxidants including flavonoids and polyphenols.
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Blood-Sugar Health - Tulsi can help lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity.
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Nutrient-Rich - This herb is packed with nutrients like vitamins A and C, calcium, iron and zinc.
Consuming
The leaves of tulsi are commonly used to make a refreshing and aromatic herbal tea. Additionally, they are used a staple in thai cuisine for certain stir-fries and curries, but can be used in any dish to give a unique, slightly peppery flavour.
How to Grow
This is a warm season herb well-suited to tropical and subtropical climates. In a colder climate, it can be successfully grown as an annual. Here are some temperature guidelines:
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Germination Temperature: 21℃ - 29℃ / 70℉ - 85℉
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Minimum and Maximum Temperature: 10℃ - 35℃ / 50℉ - 95℉
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Ideal Growing Temperature: 21℃ - 32℃ / 70℉ - 90℉
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Days to Maturity: 60-90 days / Maximum life of 5 years
Folklore
Holy basil is said to be the manifestation of the Hindu Goddess, Lakshmi, and is honoured in households to increase piety, purify, and protect. A festival by the name of Tulsi Vivah still gets celebrated to this day, a symbolic wedding between Lakshmi and Vishnu, typically beginning on the 22nd of November.
Other Uses
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Insect Repellent - Dried or fresh tulsi leaves are effective at keeping certain insects at bay.
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Disinfectant - Extracts have antimicrobial properties and can be used as a natural disinfectant.
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Natural Pesticide - Specifically against plant-parasitic nematodes.